Do You Know the Muffin Man Prepositional Phrase
Sentences can be divided into two types of clauses: independent and dependent . Contained clauses express a complete idea and can exist independently from whatsoever other clause. Dependent clauses on the other manus cannot exist without the assistance of another clause. If we leave dependent clauses hanging in our writing, non only is our reader confused, but nosotros are writing sentence fragments, or pieces of sentences that are incomplete.
Recall about it this way– dependent clauses are like wireless headphones. They are completely pointless unless you lot connect them to a source of power that can stream the music into your headphones. Sure, you tin can play music dorsum on your phone or laptop, but the headphones are nonetheless useless without that essential bluetooth connexion .
Similarly, dependent clauses are pretty useless without independent clauses. However, once a connexion is made betwixt the 2, the dependent clause makes sense and actress meaning is added to the independent clause.
There are many ways to both identify dependent clauses and connect them to independent clauses. While this postal service will focus on dependent clauses , check out this post on the Albert blog to learn more virtually contained clauses. When y'all're ready, test yourself with a quiz and practice with our high-quality, standards-aligned questions here .
The Nuts of Dependent Clauses
What is a Dependent Clause?
A dependent clause does not limited a complete thought and therefore depends on an independent clause in lodge to make sense.
For example:
- Which is one of our favorite childhood memories.
Does the clause to a higher place feel similar a consummate thought? Of course not! Reading something like this probably makes you lot frustrated because the writer but gave you lot a slice of a sentence, or a fragment. Once the dependent clause in a higher place is added to an independent clause, the sentence makes much more sense:
- Nosotros laughed together as we reminisced wading in the creek behind our firm, which is one of our favorite memories .
What are the three types of dependent clauses?
Adverbial Dependent Clauses
Adverbial dependent clauses human activity like adverbs, which means that as a clause, they give more information about the principal verb that is institute in the independent clause. Just similar you would non think that a single adverb could make up an unabridged sentence on its own, these clauses also cannot exist by themselves in your writing.
Adverbial dependent clauses start with subordinating conjunctions such equally later, even though, because, if, equally before long equally, etc.
If you are unsure whether the dependent clause is acting similar an adverb, see if it answers i of these questions: where, why, how, when, or to what degree was the activeness performed?
For example:
- After our trip to the mountains , I realized just how brave black bears tin be.
This adverbial clause answers the question, when did the discipline realize the bravery of bears ?
Relative Dependent Clauses
Relative dependent clauses act similar adjectives and requite more detail about a noun that is included in the contained clause. This substantive could be the subject or an object, but it has to exist in the independent clause.
Relative dependent clauses start with relative pronouns such as that, which, who, whom, or whose.
If you are not sure whether the dependent clause is interim as an adverb or as an adjective, inquire if the clause answers one of these two questions: which one or what kind?
For example:
- The quaint bookstore that is located downtown has the fluffiest store true cat in residence.
Noun Dependent Clauses
Substantive dependent clauses are a picayune different than adverb or relative clauses. Noun clauses can take the function of literally any noun in the sentence, and then we accept to exist careful when identifying these clauses.
If the noun clause is acting as the field of study of the judgement, it is non dependent . However, if the noun clause is taking the place of an object, it is a dependent clause .
Noun clauses can begin with either interrogative pronouns ( who, what, when, where, how, why) or expletives ( that, whether, if ).
For case:
- The Red Queen demanded to know who painted the roses scarlet .
In the judgement above, the underlined noun clause is acting as the direct object of the verb, demanded .
Here is an case where a noun clause is not dependent:
- What he had washed was irreversible .
Since the substantive clause, what he had washed is acting as the subject of the sentence, the entire sentence is one independent clause.
How do dependent clauses connect to independent clauses?
Dependent clauses tin come either earlier or after an independent clause in a sentence. Depending on where they are in the sentence, there are specific ways that they have to be connected with punctuation.
If the dependent clause comes before the contained clause in the sentence, a comma must connect it to the contained clause .
Writers do this to assistance guide readers to the main action of the sentence. When readers come across the comma after the dependent clause , they realize that the first office of the sentence was merely an introduction to the most of import information.
For example:
- Whenever I get for a walk , I like to say, "good morning time", to every domestic dog that I run into.
In the sentence higher up, the dependent clause simply lets the reader know when the subject greets her hirsuite friends. Without it, the judgement would notwithstanding brand sense, but it is nice to know these extra details.
Withal, if the dependent clause comes after the contained clause in the sentences, a comma is not needed to connect the two clauses together.
This is because the reader already understands what the main action of the sentence is, so anything that comes after the chief subject and verb is likely to simply exist boosted details.
- For example: My mom would not permit me go a pet tiger even though I actually wanted one .
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3 Tips for Understanding Dependent Clauses
Here are some important tips to assist you understand dependent clauses :
Tip #1. Dependent clauses cannot be lonely; they must connect to an independent clause in guild to brand sens
For example:
- I will never understand how the classic film, The Goonies , received a poor rating on Rotten Tomatoes .
The dependent clause underlined to a higher place is a noun clause interim as a directly object. Information technology is an enormous clause, merely information technology is all the same dependent on the four words that make upwards the independent clause before it.
Tip #2. Dependent clauses take the role of adverbs, adjectives, or nouns in sentences
For example:
- Relative clause (answers the question, which one? ): Practice you know the muffin human being who lives on Drury Lane ?
- Adverb clause (answers the question, when?): Later Jack and Jill rolled down the hill, Jack broke his crown.
- Noun clause: (takes the role of the straight object): Do you know how a raven is like a writing desk?
Tip #3. While dependent clauses are helpful in adding more data to a sentence, they are not essential in creating a complete thought
For case:
- Although we were in Florida for over a week , nosotros never saw an alligator.
The contained clause, nosotros never saw an alligator, does not need the underlined clause to make grammatical sense; however, it does add some helpful data about both when and where the alligator was not seen past the subject.
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Applying the Basics: Dependent Clause Review & Practice
Now that y'all sympathise how dependent clauses function in sentences, review the anchor nautical chart beneath and complete the review to fully understand how to use and recognize dependent clauses .
The Ultimate List of Clauses
Refer to the graphic beneath to learn the different types of Clauses :
This list, obviously, does not include all possible examples of clauses; all the same, information technology is meant to be used equally a guide while identifying sentence clauses.
Dependent Clauses Exercises and Review
Now that y'all know how to identify dependent clauses , examination your ability to find these in sentences.
Select the dependent clause(s) in the sentences below. Think, a dependent clause can human action equally an adverb, an adjective, or a noun, but it cannot express a consummate thought without connecting to an independent clause.
i. The White Rabbit, who always wore a big, round pocket picket , led Alice downwardly the rabbit hole.
In this sentence, who ever wore a big, round pocket watch is the dependent clause . This clause is interim like an adjective because it modifies the subject field of the judgement, the White Rabbit.
2. Afterwards the Red Queen destroyed his village, the Mad Hatter swore vengeance on her and her wicked kingdom.
In this sentence, the dependent clause is after the Crimson Queen destroyed his hamlet . This clause is acting like an adverb because it modifies the verb, swore, and tells the reader when and why the Mad Hatter "swore vengeance" on the queen.
3. Alice was called to fight the Jabberwocky even though she had never fought before .
In this sentence, fifty-fifty though she had never fought before is a dependent clause considering information technology begins with a subordinating conjunction and is non separated from the independent clause through the utilise of a semicolon and a comma.
iv. Alice did not know how she concluded upwards in Wonderland .
In this sentence, how she ended upward in Wonderland is a dependent clause that takes the place of the substantive straight object in the sentence.
5. As the Cheshire cat smiled , his torso began to disappear, and presently all that was left was his cheesy grinning.
In this judgement, the clause as the Cheshire Cat smiled is dependent because information technology acts similar an adverb that shows when the cat disappeared.
Pro tip : Call back, dependent clauses accept the place of an adverb, an describing word, or a substantive in a sentence and cannot limited a complete idea without the assistance of an independent clause.
For boosted practice, bank check out Dependent Clauses content on Albert.
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Attempt for Yourself: Dependent Clauses Quiz
Feeling confident in your understanding of Dependent Clauses ?
Take this curt six-question quiz to see what you've learned:
1. Can a dependent clause start with a relative pronoun?
- Answer: Yep
- Correct Explanation: That'southward right! A dependent clause can offset with a relative pronoun because relative pronouns have to "relate" or connect back to another substantive in the sentence. This "other noun" is always found in the independent clause, and since dependent clauses rely on independent clauses, information technology is perfectly logical that a dependent clause could begin with a relative pronoun.
- Incorrect Explanation: Lamentable, that's not right! Recollect, dependent clauses tin begin with relative pronouns, interrogative pronouns, expletives, or subordinating conjunctions.
2. Exercise you need to utilise a comma after the dependent clause if it comes later on the independent clause in a judgement?
- Answer: No
- Correct Explanation: That's right! If dependent clauses come earlier the independent clause in a sentence, a comma is necessary to dissever the two. If the dependent clause comes after the independent clause, a comma is not needed.
- Incorrect Caption: Sorry, that'southward not right! Think, If a dependent clause comes before the independent clause in a sentence, a comma is necessary to separate the two. If the dependent clause comes after the independent clause, a comma is not needed.
3. In this sentence, is the underlined clause independent or dependent?
Although I missed the bus this forenoon, I nevertheless fabricated it to school on fourth dimension.
- Answer: Dependent
- Correct Explanation: That's right! The underlined clause is dependent because it begins with a subordinating conjunction and does non express a complete thought.
- Incorrect Caption: Sorry, that's not right! Remember, dependent clauses can start with a subordinating conjunction, a relative pronoun, an interrogative pronoun, or an expletive, and these clauses cannot express a complete idea.
4. In this sentence, is the underlined clause contained or dependent?
She has always disliked trying new foods; however, today she decided to attempt sushi for the first time .
- Reply: Independent
- Correct Explanation: That'due south right! The underlined phrase is independent for two reasons: first, it expresses a complete idea. Secondly, even though it begins with a subordinating conjunction, this conjunction is set apart from the clause by both a semicolon and a comma, making it independent.
- Wrong Caption: Sorry, that'south non right! Remember, while some dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions, when the conjunction is set apart from the clause through the use of a semicolon and a comma, the clause is independent.
five. In this sentence, is the underlined clause contained or dependent?
She named her cat Mrs. Norris because she is such a huge Harry Potter fan.
- Reply: Contained
- Right Explanation: That's right! In this sentence, the underlined clause is independent because it expresses a complete thought and can stand on its own without the residue of the sentence.
- Incorrect Explanation: Sorry, that'due south not correct! Remember, independent clauses can limited a complete thought without the help of whatever other clauses in the sentence.
six. In this sentence, is the underlined clause independent or dependent?
If Disney World reopens , we volition visit belatedly this year.
- Answer: Dependent
- Right Explanation: That's right! The underlined clause if Disney Earth reopens is a dependent clause that introduces the contained clause.
- Wrong Caption: Distressing, that's non right! Remember, dependent clauses can first with a subordinating conjunction, a relative pronoun, an interrogative pronoun, or an expletive, and these clauses cannot express a consummate thought.
For additional do with Dependent Clauses , check out our practice on Albert: Dependent Clauses .
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Teacher'due south Corner for Dependent Clauses
Many students understand that a complete sentence contains a subject and a verb, but what if that judgement does not create a consummate thought? Dependent clauses may await a whole lot like independent clauses, but they are merely meant to complement the independent clause and not stand on their own.
Therefore, it is of import for students to know how to identify both contained and dependent clauses and how to use these dissimilar clauses in their writing. The Common Core English language Language Progressive Skills Chart is a useful resource for teachers working with a wide multifariousness of students on unlike grammatical skill levels.
For specific standards on the different types of clauses including dependent clauses, check out the Common Core State Standards website.
Albert'southward Dependent Clause Practice offers several different practices to scaffold students as they get more comfortable with identifying unlike types of clauses. Albert as well provides cumulative assessments and shorter topic quizzes that can exist utilized by educators to measure student progress.
Summary for Dependent Clauses
Dependent clauses exercise not express a complete thought. They depend on at least i independent clause in social club to brand sense and create a consummate sentence.
There are 3 types of dependent clauses :
1. Adverbial clauses
- They answer 1 of these questions: where, why, how, when, or to what degree was the action performed?
2. Relative clauses
- They reply i of these two questions: which one or what kind?
3. Substantive clauses
- They act as subjects or objects and can brainstorm with either interrogative pronouns ( who, what, when, where, how, why) or expletives ( that, whether, if ).
Be sure to check out our grammar course for more than Dependent Clause practice.
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